Use of Titanium - The Metal to Use for Superior Corrosion Resistance - Heat Exchanger

• Continuously Forms Abrasion Resistant, Protective Oxide Film
• Resists Chlorine and Most Corrosive Acids and Alkalis
• Readily Available as Welded/Seamless Tubing, Plate, and Bars
• Ideal for Desalination, Heat Exchangers, Chemical and Marine Equipment

The heat exchanger market is another key industrial application where titanium flexes its corrosion resistance muscle. 

titanium heat exchangers

Compared with piping made from copper-based alloys, titanium heat exchanger parts can be designed for high-flow velocities without detrimental effects from turbulence, impingement or cavitation. 

titanium seamless tubes GR2 SB338

The erosion/corrosion resistance of titanium alloys is well suited for fluid-flow components in chemical and power plants and marine/naval applicatons.

Titanium's hard, smooth surface can handle high fluid-flow rates while minimizing the buildup of external fouling films, which can diminish heat-transfer efficiency. 

Smooth surface titanium

Titanium is readily available in welded and seamless tubing in many alloy grades for shell/tube exchangers, or in flat forms for plate and frame exchangers.

fabrication of titanium heat exchanger

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Use of Titanium - The Metal to Use for Superior Corrosion Resistance - Desalination Facility

• Continuously Forms Abrasion Resistant, Protective Oxide Film
• Resists Chlorine and Most Corrosion Acids and Alkalis
• Readily Available as Welded / Seamless Tubing, Plate and Bars
• Ideal for Desalination, Heat Exchangers, Chemical and Marine Equipment

TITANIUM FORGED BARS & RINGS

Titanium is the industrial material of choice, without peer, when the application calls for corrosion resistance.

A reactive metal, titanium spontaneously forms a natural, protective oxide film (mainly TiO2) in the presence of oxygen. Whenever there is any air or water in a process stream or operating environment, this oxide film forms continuously and protects the metal from corrosive attack. If the film is scratched, it repairs itself instantly.

WELDED TITANIUM PIPE FITTINGS

Titanium's corrosion-resistant properties, along with its low density, high strength and erosion resistance, make it a leading contender for chemical-processing, marine, and architectural applications.

The superior corrosion resistance of titanium is ideal for components used in desalination plants - a major global growth market for the titanium industry. The most noteworthy example of this is the Ras Azaour  desalination plant, located in Saudi Arabia, which is slated for completion in 2014. This plant will require 6,000 metric tons of titanium. When it goes online, Ras Azzour will be the world's largest desalination facility, providing water to 3.5 million people in Saudi Arabia's Riyadh region.

WELDED TITANIUM PUMPS

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Use of Titanium - Power Generation

    Titanium are widely used in Power Generation Industry due to its below advantages:

• Immune to corrosion by seawater and brackish water to high temperatures
• Resists corrosion in FGD scrubber and chimney environments
• Continuously forms abrasion-resistant, protective oxide film
• Resists chlorine and most corrosive acids and alkalis
• Readily available as welded/seamless tube & pipe, plate, sheet, bar, pipe fittings and clad plate
• Ideal for condensers, heat exchanger, FGD scrubber equipment and turbine blades

Grade2 Titanium fittings for seawater

    Downtime during power generation is expensive! A parts failure can shut down a system, causing costly repairs and reducing productivity.

    Titanium Helps eliminate these failures. This durable metal resists corrosion, especially chlorides found in sea water and other water-cooling systems. As a result, titanium is the material of choice for long-lasting performance in pipes, fittings, condenser tubing, turbine blades, plates, and many other applications required for conventional and alternative energy power generation.

titanium welded custom designed fittings

    Two grades of titanium are widely used in power-generation systems - flexible commercially - pure titanium and the stronger 6% aluminum, 4% vanadium titanium alloy. Commercially-pure titanium is readily available as tubing, plate, and bars. The Ti-6Al-4V alloy can be readily fabricated into reliable turbine blades. Both offer longer, more reliable performance than copper and nickel-based alloys.

    For further information on titanium and titanium alloys, contact the Baoji Mingkun Nonferrous Metal Co., Ltd -  a professional factory / manufacturer of Titanium Materials for over 25 years.  can provide almost all kinds of titanium products in power generation. Email at titaniumalloy@bjmkgs.com or visit BJMK Website at http://www.bjmkgs.com. 

titanium factory/manufacturer

Common Questions about TITANIUM

1. What is titanium?


Titanium is a metallic element found in the earth’s crust. The element occurs as a bright, lustrous metal or a silver-gray or dark gray powder. Its compounds are found in practically all igneous rocks and their sand deposits.




ASTM B338 Grade1 Titanium seamless Tubes





2. What are its qualities?

Titanium has a number of characteristics that make it valuable for industrial and commercial use:

- It’s strong: Titanium is 30% stronger than steel.

- It’s light: Titanium weighs in at 47.90 on the atomic scale, nearly 50% lighter than steel.

-It resists corrosion: When exposed to the atmosphere, titanium forms a tight, tenacious oxide film that resists a variety of materials that corrode other metals. It is especially resistant to salt water corrosion.




Titanium Components





3. Is it newly discovered?

Not exactly. The first mention of titanium in scientific writing occurred in 1791, when an amateur British scientist, William Gregor, analyzed some sand from Comwall and found "a reddish brown calx" he couldn’t identify. He wondered if it was a new metal. Four years later an Austrian chemist, Martin Heinrich Klaproth, confirmed that Gregor had indeed discovered a new element. Klaproth named the element "titanium." The development of titanium alloys for industrial use, however, is relatively new. Wilhelm Kroll of Luxembourg is recognized as the father of the modem titanium industry. In the 1930s, he developed a process to manufacture metallic titanium and refined the process in the 1940s. The Kroll method of manufacturing titanium metal is still used today. The titanium metal industry emerged in the 1950s in response to demand from the emerging aerospace industry which used titanium to build jet planes.




Titanium Ball





4. Why do they call it a "space age" metal?

Until the mid-1970s, more than 85% of titanium produced was used in the aerospace industry. Titanium’s unique properties—density half that of steel, excellent strength retention to 1,000 degrees F and atmospheric corrosion immunity superior to that of other metals—made it ideal for the construction of the engines and frames of jet planes, rockets and space craft. The military uses the metal in weapons like guided missiles and recoil mechanisms in artillery. Since the 1970s, the price of titanium mill products has dropped and the metal has been used in a wide range of industries. The most popular compound is titanium dioxide, common in the production of paint pigment, paper, plastics, glass and ceramics. jewelers might be interested to know that the ’,stars" in star rubies and sapphires are due to the presence of titanium dioxide. Shipbuilders appreciate titanium’s superior resistance to salt water and use it to make ship propellers, shafts and other parts. The Navy uses it on submarines.




Grade2 Welded Titanium Stub Ends





5. Is titanium rare?

No. It is the ninth most abundant element in the earth’s crust. There is at least a 10,000 year supply of titanium ore. Titanium has also been found in meteorites and moon rocks and is present in the sun and other stars.




Titanium Clamps & Fittings





6. Is it expensive?


Yes. The extraction of titanium from its ores is a relatively slow and costly process, which makes the metal expensive. For years the high cost of titanium limited its use to military and aerospace purposes.




Seamless & Welded Titanium Elbows






7. Where does the name come from?


Martin Heinrich Klaproth, the Austrian chemist who confirmed the discovery of the metal, named it after the Titans, the first sons of the earth in Greek mythology. Their mother was Gaea (Earth). They were a race of giant deities who ultimately were overthrown by the Olympian gods. They are associated with great size and strength—hence the word "titanic." The name is appropriate for an extremely strong element taken from the earth.



Grade5 Titanium Heavy Wall Thickness Tubes






8. Are there any drawbacks with titanium?


Two drawbacks.


One is that titanium is more expensive than steel.


The other is that titanium can be stained and scratched quite easily.




Titanium Stamps Grade5

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About Titanium

Titanium is the fourth most abundant structural metal in the earth's crust and is the ninth industrial metal. No other engineering metal has risen so swiftly to pre-eminence in critical and demanding applications.

Titanium and its alloys offer:

• Availability in all forms
• Comparable cost to other high performance materials
• Ready weldability and machinability
• Weight saving - as strong as steel, but half the weight
• Fire and shock resistant
• Favourable cryogenic properties
• Bio-compatibility and non-toxicity
• Applications of Titanium

Titanium and its alloys have proven to be technically superior and cost-effective in a wide variety of aerospace, industrial, marine and commercial applications.

• Aeroengines
• Airframes
• Architectural
• Automotive and road transport
• Condensers
• Cryogenic equipment
• Dental alloys
• Desalination plant
• Downhole logging tools
• Electrochemical anodes
• Flue gas desulphurisation
• Food, brewing and pharmaceutical
• Geothermal plant
• Heat exchangers
• Jewellery manufacture
• Marine
• Medical implants
• Metal extraction equipment
• Military hardware
• Nuclear and environmental safety
• Offshore piping systems
• Offshore production tubulars
• Petrochemical refineries
• Pulp and paper
• Spectacle frames and watches
• Sporting equipment
• Springs
• Steam turbines
• Ultracentrifuges
• Wet air oxidation

In the majority of these and other engineering applications TITANIUM has replaced heavier, less serviceable or less cost effective materials. Designing with TITANIUM taking all factors into account has resulted in reliable, economic, and more durable systems and components, which in many situations have substantially exceeded performance and service life expectations.

Titanium Forged Solid Bars & Rings

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Inspection Finished R60702 Zirconium tubes for Heat exchangers

Pictures for Main Product inspection & Testing

1. Pneumatic Test

2. Pneumatic Test

3. Roughness Measurement (Calibration)

Roughness measurement (inside surface) 

5. Roughness measurement (outside surface) 

6. Diameter measurement (end of tube) 

7. Diameter measurement (middle of tube)

8. Wall Thickness Measurement 

9. Length measurement  

10. Verification of marking (Sign Stamp)

11. Packing Condition 

 Above is Mingkun's Inspection procedure, the product is R60702 Zirconium tubes.

Titanium is not "too expensive"

When a Titanium Industry representative talks with maintenance and process engineers, purchasing agents or management in any of our chemical processing "end use" industries, there is always one of two individuals in the audience who consistently raise the concern that"Titanium is too expensive to use in this application."

Alternative material, such as nickel alloys, duplex stainless steels, copper-nickel alloys, etc. are seen by these individuals as being less expensive and more cost effective.

While this may have been true a number of years ago, when pricing of materials was entirely different, it is definitely note true today. In this presentation, I will show that, when using a "Normalized" price approach to compare materials titanium is very cost competitive and can even offer a cost advantage to materials with less or similars corrosion resistance.

This approach can be effectively used to overcome cost-based objections and increase the potential for titanium in the chemical processing industry.